Clinical Correlates of Patients Who Had Pacemaker Implantation in Port Harcourt, Southern Nigeria
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Abstract
Background: Permanent pacemaker implantation is a relatively safe procedure that significantly improves morbidity and mortality among patients with symptomatic bradycardia. There is limited information on the clinical correlates of pacemaker patients in the south-south Nigeria, especially in a private tertiary cardiac clinic. This study is aimed at describing the clinical correlates as seen in patients who had pacemaker implantation in a private hospital in Port Harcourt, Southern Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients who had pacemaker implantation in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching hospital from 2012 to 2013 and GoodHeart Medical Consultants Hospital in Port Harcourt, Southern Nigeria from 2014 to 2023.
Results: The mean age (±SD) of total population at the time of implantation was 66.8 (±10.6) years. Men were more than the women (51.8% vs. 48.2%). Single-chamber unit was mostly implanted, single-chambers were in 25 (60.98%) while Dual chamber units were implanted in 16 (39.02%) of patients. Complete heart block (CHB) was the most common (60.98%) indication for permanent pacemaker insertion followed by second degree atrioventricular block (29.27%) and other indications (9.76%). The most common presenting symptoms were dizziness (in 56.1% of patients), blackout (24.4%), and dyspnea (19.5%). The complications observed were Lead dislodgment/malfunction, pocket infection in 3 patients each, and device expulsion in 2 patients.
Conclusion: Pacemaker implantation in Port Harcourt south-south, Nigeria started in September 2012. There was great apathy and inertia on the side of patients and their relations as well as poor infrastructures, hence, the few numbers of patients at the onset. The major reason for pacemaker implantation were complete heart block (CHB) and second degree Atrioventicular block (2nd degree AVB). Pacemaker implantation is a highly effective procedure in treatment of symptomatic bradycardia. It is a lifesaving procedure as it improves quality of life and is associated with relatively low complications and has now achieved a wider acceptance among the populace.
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References
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